Catholic Commentary on Habakkuk 1

“How long, LORD, must I call for help, but you do not listen? Or cry out to you, 'Violence!' but you do not save?” (Habakkuk 1:2)

The Book of Habakkuk

Habakkuk is unique among the prophets: instead of delivering God's word to the people, he delivers the people's complaint to God and records the divine response. His book is a dialogue between the prophet's anguished questioning and the LORD's sovereign answer, prophesied probably around 605 BC during the rise of Babylon.

Habakkuk's first complaint: how long, LORD, must I call for help, but you do not listen? Or cry out to you, 'Violence!' but you do not save? Why do you make me look at injustice? Why do you tolerate wrongdoing? Destruction and violence are before me; there is strife, and conflict abounds. The LORD's answer: I am raising up the Babylonians, that ruthless and impetuous people. Habakkuk's second complaint: but you, LORD, are holy! Why then do you tolerate the treacherous? Why are you silent while the wicked swallow up those more righteous than themselves?

The Catechism identifies Habakkuk's complaint as one of the legitimate forms of prophetic prayer: the bold challenge to God's apparent silence is not a failure of faith but a form of it (CCC 2583).

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, how long? The complaint is as old as the first righteous person who watched injustice continue under a God who seemed not to intervene. Habakkuk does not abandon God; he brings the complaint to God. The how long addressed to the LORD is itself a declaration of faith: only the one who believes God can act asks why he has not acted. Bring your how long to God. It is a form of prayer.

Prayer

Lord God, how long? We bring our complaint to you, not away from you. Answer us. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

Habakkuk
1
Habakkuk’s First Complaint
This is the burden that Habakkuk the prophet received in a vision:
 
How long, O LORD, must I call for help
but You do not hear,
or cry out to You, “Violence!”
but You do not save?
Why do You make me see iniquity?
Why do You tolerate wrongdoing?
Destruction and violence are before me.
Strife is ongoing, and conflict abounds.
Therefore the law is paralyzed,
and justice never goes forth.
For the wicked hem in the righteous,
so that justice is perverted.
The LORD’s Answer
 
“Look at the nations and observe-
be utterly astounded!* 1:5 LXX Look, you scoffers, wonder and perish!
For I am doing a work in your days
that you would never believe
even if someone told you. 1:5 Cited in Acts 13:41
For behold, I am raising up the Chaldeans 1:6 That is, the Babylonians-
that ruthless and impetuous nation
which marches through the breadth of the earth
to seize dwellings not their own.
They are dreaded and feared;
from themselves they derive justice and sovereignty.
Their horses are swifter than leopards,
fiercer than wolves of the night.
Their horsemen charge ahead,
and their cavalry comes from afar.
They fly like a vulture,
swooping down to devour.
All of them come bent on violence;
their hordes advance like the east wind;
they gather prisoners like sand.
10 They scoff at kings
and make rulers an object of scorn.
They laugh at every fortress
and build up siege ramps to seize it.
11 Then they sweep by like the wind
and pass on through.
They are guilty;
their own strength is their god.”
Habakkuk’s Second Complaint
(Psalms 11:1-7)
 
12 Are You not from everlasting,
O LORD, my God, my Holy One?
We will not die.
O LORD, You have appointed them
to execute judgment;
O Rock, You have established them
for correction.
13 Your eyes are too pure to look upon evil,
and You cannot tolerate wrongdoing.
So why do You tolerate the faithless?
Why are You silent
while the wicked swallow up
those more righteous than themselves?
14 You have made men like the fish of the sea,
like creeping things that have no ruler.
15 The foe pulls all of them up § 1:15 Literally He pulls all of them up with a hook;
he catches them in his dragnet,
and gathers them in his fishing net;
so he rejoices gladly.
16 Therefore he sacrifices to his dragnet
and burns incense to his fishing net,
for by these things his portion is sumptuous
and his food is rich.
17 Will he, therefore, empty his net
and continue to slay nations without mercy?

*1:5 1:5 LXX Look, you scoffers, wonder and perish!

1:5 1:5 Cited in Acts 13:41

1:6 1:6 That is, the Babylonians

§1:15 1:15 Literally He pulls all of them up