Catholic Commentary on Luke 7

"I tell you, I have not found such great faith even in Israel." (Luke 7:9)

The Centurion's Faith

A Roman centurion's servant lies at home near death. The centurion sends Jewish elders to ask Jesus to come and heal him. The elders plead his case: he loves our nation and has built our synagogue. But when Jesus is on the way, the centurion sends friends with a message of breathtaking theological clarity: Lord, do not trouble yourself, for I do not deserve to have you come under my roof. That is why I did not even consider myself worthy to come to you. But say the word, and my servant will be healed. For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. I tell this one, "Go," and he goes.

Jesus is amazed. This word, used of Jesus only here and in the parallel in Matthew, means he marvels at something unexpected. I tell you, I have not found such great faith even in Israel. A pagan soldier understands more about the authority of Jesus than the religious leaders of Israel. The centurion's logic is pure: he understands that authority works by word, not by presence. Jesus need not come. He need only speak. The Catholic Church echoes his words at every Mass, just before Communion: Lord, I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof, but only say the word and my soul shall be healed.

The Widow of Nain

Jesus approaches the town of Nain and meets a funeral procession. A widow's only son is being carried out to be buried. Luke notes that Jesus sees her and his heart goes out to her. The Greek word used is splanchnizomai: he is moved in his innermost being, in his gut. Don't cry, he says, and then he touches the coffin and commands the young man to rise. The dead man sits up and begins to talk. Jesus gave him back to his mother. That phrase echoes 1 Kings 17:23, when Elijah gave back the widow of Zarephath's son. Jesus is the new Elijah. But where Elijah prayed and the boy was raised, Jesus commands and the dead obey.

More than a Prophet

John the Baptist, now in prison, sends disciples to ask: Are you the one who is to come, or should we expect someone else? Jesus answers not with a declaration but with a description of what is happening: the blind see, the lame walk, lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the poor have good news proclaimed to them. Let John draw his own conclusion. And then Jesus praises John as the greatest born of women, while saying that the least in the Kingdom is greater. John stands on the threshold. Those who enter the Kingdom have something even John did not have: the indwelling Spirit poured out at Pentecost.

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, the centurion did not ask Jesus to perform a ritual or follow a procedure. He asked him to speak a word. This is the nature of faith: it trusts the authority of Christ to act from a distance, to reach into situations we cannot manage, to heal what we cannot touch. Whatever is dying in your life today, bring it to the one who raised the widow's son. Say the word, Lord. That is enough.

Prayer

Lord Jesus, your heart went out to the widow of Nain, and you gave her son back to her. Look with that same compassion on our grief and our loss. You have authority over every death, physical and spiritual. Speak your word, and what is dead will live again. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

7
The Faith of the Centurion
(Matthew 8:5–13; John 4:43–54)
When Jesus had concluded His discourse in the hearing of the people, He went to Capernaum. There a highly valued servant of a centurion was sick and about to die. When the centurion heard about Jesus, he sent some Jewish elders to ask Him to come and heal his servant. They came to Jesus and pleaded with Him earnestly, “This man is worthy to have You grant this, for he loves our nation and has built our synagogue.”
 
So Jesus went with them. But when He was not far from the house, the centurion sent friends with the message: “Lord, do not trouble Yourself, for I am not worthy to have You come under my roof. That is why I did not consider myself worthy to come to You. But just say the word, and my servant will be healed. For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. I tell one to go, and he goes; and another to come, and he comes. I tell my servant to do something, and he does it.”
 
When Jesus heard this, He marveled at the centurion. Turning to the crowd following Him, He said, “I tell you, not even in Israel have I found such great faith.” 10 And when the messengers returned to the house, they found the servant in good health.
Jesus Raises a Widow’s Son
 
11 Soon afterward, Jesus went to a town called Nain. His disciples went with Him, accompanied by a large crowd. 12 As He approached the town gate, He saw a dead man being carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow. And a large crowd from the town was with her.
 
13 When the Lord saw her, He had compassion on her and said, “Do not weep.” 14 Then He went up and touched the coffin,* 7:14 Literally bier, probably a wooden plank or open coffin and those carrying it stood still. “Young man,” He said, “I tell you, get up!” 15 And the dead man sat up and began to speak! Then Jesus gave him back to his mother.
 
16 A sense of awe swept over all of them, and they glorified God. “A great prophet has appeared among us!” they said. “God has visited His people!” 17 And the news about Jesus spread throughout Judea and all the surrounding region.
John’s Inquiry
(Matthew 11:1–6)
 
18 Then John’s disciples informed him about all these things. 19 So John called two of his disciples and sent them to ask the Lord, “Are You the One who was to come, or should we look for someone else?”
 
20 When the men came to Jesus, they said, “John the Baptist sent us to ask, ‘Are You the One who was to come, or should we look for someone else?’ ”
 
21 At that very hour Jesus healed many people of their diseases, afflictions, and evil spirits, and He gave sight to many who were blind. 22 So He replied, “Go back and report to John what you have seen and heard: The blind receive sight, the lame walk, the lepers 7:22 A leper was one afflicted with a skin disease. See Leviticus 13. are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor. 23 Blessed is the one who does not fall away on account of Me. 7:23 Or who is not offended by Me
Jesus Testifies about John
(Malachi 3:1–5; Matthew 11:7–19)
 
24 After John’s messengers had left, Jesus began to speak to the crowds about John: “What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed swaying in the wind? 25 Otherwise, what did you go out to see? A man dressed in fine clothes? Look, those who wear elegant clothing and live in luxury are found in palaces.
 
26 What then did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I tell you, and more than a prophet. 27 This is the one about whom it is written:
 
‘Behold, I will send My messenger ahead of You,
who will prepare Your way before You.’§ 7:27 Malachi 3:1
 
28 I tell you, among those born of women there is no one greater than John, yet even the least in the kingdom of God is greater than he.”
 
29 All the people who heard this, even the tax collectors, acknowledged God’s justice. For they had received the baptism of John. 30 But the Pharisees and experts in the law rejected God’s purpose for themselves, because they had not been baptized by John.
 
31 “To what, then, can I compare the men of this generation? What are they like? 32 They are like children sitting in the marketplace and calling out to one another:
 
‘We played the flute for you,
and you did not dance;
we sang a dirge,
and you did not weep.’
 
33 For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and you say, ‘He has a demon!’ 34 The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and you say, ‘Look at this glutton and drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ 35 But wisdom is vindicated by all her children.”
A Sinful Woman Anoints Jesus
(Matthew 26:6–13; Mark 14:3–9; John 12:1–8)
 
36 Then one of the Pharisees invited Jesus to eat with him, and He entered the Pharisee’s house and reclined at the table. 37 When a sinful woman from that town learned that Jesus was dining there, she brought an alabaster jar of perfume. 38 As she stood behind Him at His feet weeping, she began to wet His feet with her tears and wipe them with her hair. Then she kissed His feet and anointed them with the perfume.
 
39 When the Pharisee who had invited Jesus saw this, he said to himself, “If this man were a prophet, He would know who this is and what kind of woman is touching Him—for she is a sinner!”
 
40 But Jesus answered him, “Simon, I have something to tell you.”
 
“Tell me, Teacher,” he said.
 
41 “Two men were debtors to a certain moneylender. One owed him five hundred denarii,* 7:41 A denarius was customarily a day’s wage for a laborer; see Matthew 20:2. and the other fifty. 42 When they were unable to repay him, he forgave both of them. Which one, then, will love him more?”
 
43 “I suppose the one who was forgiven more,” Simon replied.
 
“You have judged correctly,” Jesus said.
 
44 And turning toward the woman, He said to Simon, “Do you see this woman? When I entered your house, you did not give Me water for My feet, but she wet My feet with her tears and wiped them with her hair. 45 You did not greet Me with a kiss, but she has not stopped kissing My feet since I arrived. 46 You did not anoint My head with oil, but she has anointed My feet with perfume. 47 Therefore I tell you, because her many sins have been forgiven, she has loved much. But he who has been forgiven little loves little.”
 
48 Then Jesus said to her, “Your sins are forgiven.”
 
49 But those at the table began to say to themselves, “Who is this who even forgives sins?”
 
50 And Jesus told the woman, “Your faith has saved you; go in peace.”

*7:14 7:14 Literally bier, probably a wooden plank or open coffin

7:22 7:22 A leper was one afflicted with a skin disease. See Leviticus 13.

7:23 7:23 Or who is not offended by Me

§7:27 7:27 Malachi 3:1

*7:41 7:41 A denarius was customarily a day’s wage for a laborer; see Matthew 20:2.