"Who, being innocent, has ever perished? Where were the upright ever destroyed?" (Job 4:7)
Eliphaz is the first friend to speak and the most sympathetic. He recalls that Job formerly instructed many and strengthened weak hands. But now trouble comes to him and he is dismayed. Then the argument: who, being innocent, has ever perished? Where were the upright ever destroyed? As I have observed, those who plow evil and those who sow trouble reap it. He recounts a night vision: a spirit passed before his face; a voice said: can a mortal be more righteous than God? Eliphaz applies the conventional wisdom of his tradition - the retributive principle that seemed to account for all observable suffering. Job must have done something to deserve this.
The Catechism identifies the friends' theology of retribution as the instinctive human framework for understanding suffering, one that Jesus himself corrects when his disciples ask whether the blind man or his parents sinned: neither, but that the works of God might be displayed (John 9:3). The book of Job exists to break this framework open (CCC 2447).
Brothers and sisters, the instinct to find a cause for suffering in the sufferer's sin is almost universal and almost always unhelpful. Before you suggest to someone in pain what they might have done to deserve it, remember that God himself said of Job: he is blameless and upright. The suffering person before you may be the most righteous one in the room.
Lord God, deliver us from the retributive instinct that interrogates the suffering for their hidden sin. Give us Job's patience and your own compassion. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.