Catholic Commentary on Genesis 23

"Bury your dead in the choicest of our tombs." (Genesis 23:6)

The Death and Burial of Sarah

Sarah lives 127 years and dies in Hebron in the land of Canaan. Abraham mourns and weeps for her. Then he rises from beside his dead wife and speaks to the Hittites of Hebron, asking to buy a burial site. The Hittites offer him any of their tombs for free. Abraham insists on purchasing the cave of Machpelah for the full price. He pays four hundred shekels of silver, weighed out in the presence of witnesses. Sarah is buried in the cave in the field of Machpelah near Mamre in Canaan.

The chapter reads like a legal document, and its legal precision is deliberate. Abraham, who has been promised the whole land, owns not a foot of it yet except this burial ground, purchased at full price. The purchase of the cave of Machpelah is a form of trust: by insisting on legal ownership of a burial site, Abraham is acting as one who believes the rest of the land will one day belong to his descendants. You do not buy a permanent burial site unless you intend to stay. The Catechism draws from the patriarchal understanding of burial the theology of the body's dignity: the body that was made in God's image and animated by the divine breath deserves respect even in death, as the seed of the resurrection (CCC 2300).

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, Abraham rose from beside his dead wife and acted. Grief is real and deserves its time, but grief does not cancel the practical responsibilities of love. The care for the bodies of those who have died is an act of faith in the resurrection: we bury our dead with the same seriousness with which we expect them to rise. Pray for those who have died. Care for those who are dying. The body matters to the God who will raise it.

Prayer

Lord God, you formed us from dust and to dust we return, trusting the resurrection. Give us Abraham's dignity in grief: rising to care for our dead with faith in your promise. And receive those we have lost into your care, in sure and certain hope of the resurrection. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

23
The Death and Burial of Sarah
Now Sarah lived to be 127 years old. She died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went out to mourn and to weep for her.
 
Then Abraham got up from beside his dead wife and said to the Hittites,* 23:3 Or sons of Heth; also in verses 5, 7, 10, 16, 18, and 20 “I am a foreigner and an outsider among you. Give me a burial site among you so that I can bury my dead.”
 
The Hittites replied to Abraham, “Listen to us, sir. You are God’s chosen one among us. Bury your dead in the finest of our tombs. None of us will withhold his tomb for burying your dead.”
 
Then Abraham rose and bowed down before the people of the land, the Hittites. “If you are willing for me to bury my dead,” he said to them, “listen to me, and approach Ephron son of Zohar on my behalf to sell me the cave of Machpelah that belongs to him; it is at the end of his field. Let him sell it to me in your presence for full price, so that I may have a burial site.”
 
10 Now Ephron was sitting among the sons of Heth. So in the presence of all the Hittites who had come to the gate of his city, Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham, 11 “No, my lord. Listen to me. I give you the field, and I give you the cave that is in it. I give it to you in the presence of my people. Bury your dead.”
 
12 Again Abraham bowed down before the people of the land 13 and said to Ephron in their presence, “If you will please listen to me, I will pay you the price of the field. Accept it from me, so that I may bury my dead there.”
 
14 Ephron answered Abraham, 15 “Listen to me, my lord. The land is worth four hundred shekels of silver, 23:15 400 shekels is approximately 10.1 pounds or 4.6 kilograms of silver; also in verse 16. but what is that between you and me? Bury your dead.”
 
16 Abraham agreed to Ephron’s terms and weighed out for him the price he had named in the hearing of the Hittites: four hundred shekels of silver, according to the standard of the merchants.
 
17 So Ephron’s field at Machpelah near Mamre, the cave that was in it, and all the trees within the boundaries of the field were deeded over 18 to Abraham’s possession in the presence of all the Hittites who had come to the gate of his city. 19 After this, Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field at Machpelah near Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan. 20 So the field and its cave were deeded by the Hittites to Abraham as a burial site.

*23:3 23:3 Or sons of Heth; also in verses 5, 7, 10, 16, 18, and 20

23:15 23:15 400 shekels is approximately 10.1 pounds or 4.6 kilograms of silver; also in verse 16.