Catholic Commentary on Genesis 22

"God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son." (Genesis 22:8)

The Binding of Isaac

God tests Abraham. Take your son, your only son, whom you love, Isaac, and go to the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there as a burnt offering. The command is precise, accumulating the weight of the relationship: son, only son, the one you love, Isaac. It is asking for everything. Abraham rises early in the morning. He does not argue, does not negotiate. He saddles his donkey, splits wood for the burnt offering, and sets out with Isaac and two servants.

On the third day he sees the place. He tells the servants to wait: we will worship and then we will come back to you. The Letter to the Hebrews says Abraham reasoned that God could even raise the dead, and so in a manner of speaking he did receive Isaac back from death (Hebrews 11:19). When Isaac asks where the lamb for the burnt offering is, Abraham answers: God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son. He binds Isaac on the altar. He raises the knife. The angel of the LORD calls out: do not lay a hand on the boy. Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.

Abraham looks up and sees a ram caught in the thicket. He calls the place The LORD Will Provide. The Catechism identifies the offering of Isaac as the supreme typological prefiguration of the sacrifice of Christ: the beloved son, the wood carried to the mountain, the three days, the provision of the substitutionary lamb. What Abraham was spared doing, the Father accomplished on Calvary (CCC 2572).

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, God himself will provide. Abraham said it as a statement of trust before he knew how it would be fulfilled. The ram in the thicket was not yet visible when the words were spoken. Say it in faith before the provision appears. Whatever is bound on your altar today, whatever God has asked you to surrender, trust the God who provides before you can see the ram in the thicket.

Prayer

Lord God, you provided the ram for Abraham and you provided your own Son for us. Give us Abraham's willingness to hold nothing back from you, trusting that you will provide on the mountain. On the mount of the LORD it will be provided. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

22
The Offering of Isaac
(John 3:1–21)
Some time later God tested Abraham and said to him, “Abraham!”
 
“Here I am,” he answered.
 
“Take your son,” God said, “your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah. Offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains, which I will show you.”
 
So Abraham got up early the next morning, saddled his donkey, and took along two of his servants and his son Isaac. He split the wood for a burnt offering and set out for the place God had designated.
 
On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place in the distance. “Stay here with the donkey,” Abraham told his servants. “The boy and I will go over there to worship, and then we will return to you.”
 
Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and placed it on his son Isaac. He himself carried the fire and the sacrificial knife, and the two of them walked on together.
 
Then Isaac said to his father Abraham, “My father!”
 
“Here I am, my son,” he replied.
 
“The fire and the wood are here,” said Isaac, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”
 
Abraham answered, “God Himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” And the two walked on together.
 
When they arrived at the place God had designated, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood. He bound his son Isaac and placed him on the altar, atop the wood. 10 Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
The LORD Provides the Sacrifice
 
11 Just then the angel * 22:11 Or Angel; also in verses 12 and 15 of the LORD called out to him from heaven, “Abraham, Abraham!”
 
“Here I am,” he replied.
 
12 “Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him,” said the angel, “for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me. 22:12 Or from Me
 
13 Then Abraham looked up and saw behind him a ram 22:13 Most MT manuscripts; other Hebrew manuscripts, SP, LXX, and Syriac saw one ram in a thicket, caught by its horns. So he went and took the ram and offered it as a burnt offering in place of his son. 14 And Abraham called that place The LORD Will Provide.§ 22:14 Hebrew YHWH Yireh So to this day it is said, “On the mountain of the LORD it will be provided.”
 
15 And the angel of the LORD called to Abraham from heaven a second time, 16 saying, “By Myself I have sworn, declares the LORD, that because you have done this and have not withheld your only son, 17 I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants * 22:17 Cited in Hebrews 6:14 like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies. 18 And through your offspring all nations of the earth will be blessed, 22:18 Cited in Acts 3:25 because you have obeyed My voice.”
 
19 Abraham went back to his servants, and they got up and set out together for Beersheba. And Abraham settled in Beersheba.
The Sons of Nahor
 
20 Some time later, Abraham was told, “Milcah has also borne sons to your brother Nahor: 21 Uz the firstborn, his brother Buz, Kemuel (the father of Aram), 22 Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
 
23 And Bethuel became the father of Rebekah. Milcah bore these eight sons to Abraham’s brother Nahor. 24 Moreover, Nahor’s concubine, whose name was Reumah, bore Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.

*22:11 22:11 Or Angel; also in verses 12 and 15

22:12 22:12 Or from Me

22:13 22:13 Most MT manuscripts; other Hebrew manuscripts, SP, LXX, and Syriac saw one ram

§22:14 22:14 Hebrew YHWH Yireh

*22:17 22:17 Cited in Hebrews 6:14

22:18 22:18 Cited in Acts 3:25