Catholic Commentary on Psalm 68

"Our God is a God who saves; from the Sovereign Lord comes escape from death." (Psalm 68:20)

The God Who Marches

Psalm 68 is one of the most complex and exuberant psalms in the Psalter, a processional hymn celebrating the triumphant march of God through history and into the Temple. It opens with the ancient battle cry from Numbers 10:35: May God arise, may his enemies be scattered; may his foes flee before him. The God of Psalm 68 is not a static deity enthroned in passivity. He is the God who rises, who marches, who leads his people through the wilderness, who shakes the earth at Sinai, who leads captives in his train, who rides on the ancient skies.

The great acts of the Exodus are recalled: God going before his people in the wilderness, the earth shaking at Sinai, rain being showered on his inheritance. He provides for the poor, releases the prisoners, gives the desolate a home in his family. The universal sweep of his care takes in every category of need: the fatherless, the widow, the lonely, the prisoner. This is the God who sees every social condition and acts on behalf of those who have no human advocate.

Father of the Fatherless

A father to the fatherless, a defender of widows, is God in his holy dwelling. God sets the lonely in families, he leads out the prisoners with singing. These lines have been the touchstone of Catholic social charity since the early Church: the God who is father to the fatherless commissions his people to share that fatherhood. The orphanage, the hospital, the home for the widow: these are the institutional expressions of Psalm 68, the community taking up the divine vocation of care for the vulnerable.

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, our God is a God who saves. From the sovereign Lord comes escape from death. This is the declaration at the heart of Psalm 68, and it is the declaration at the heart of the Gospel. The God who marched through history and led captives in his train has marched into death itself and come out the other side. He saves. Trust him to save what you cannot save.

Prayer

Praise be to God, our God who saves. He is father to the fatherless and defender of widows. He sets the lonely in families. Our God is awesome in his sanctuary. Blessed be God! Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

68
God’s Enemies Are Scattered
For the choirmaster. A Psalm of David. A song.
 
God arises. His enemies are scattered,
and those who hate Him flee His presence.
As smoke is blown away,
You will drive them out;
as wax melts before the fire,
the wicked will perish in the presence of God.
But the righteous will be glad
and rejoice before God;
they will celebrate with joy.
 
Sing to God!
Sing praises to His name.
Exalt Him who rides on the clouds * 68:4 Or rides through the deserts
His name is the LORD—
and rejoice before Him.
A father of the fatherless,
and a defender of the widows,
is God in His holy habitation.
God settles the lonely in families;
He leads the prisoners out to prosperity,
but the rebellious dwell in a sun-scorched land.
 
O God, when You went out before Your people,
when You marched through the wasteland,
Selah
the earth shook and the heavens poured down rain
before God, the One on Sinai,
before God, the God of Israel.
You sent abundant rain, O God;
You refreshed Your weary inheritance.
10 Your flock settled therein;
O God, from Your bounty You provided for the poor.
 
11 The Lord gives the command;
a great company of women proclaim it:
12 “Kings and their armies flee in haste;
she who waits at home divides the plunder.
13 Though you lie down among the sheepfolds,
the wings of the dove are covered with silver,
and her feathers with shimmering gold.”
14 When the Almighty 68:14 Hebrew Shaddai scattered the kings in the land,
it was like the snow falling on Zalmon.
 
15 A mountain of God is Mount Bashan;
a mountain of many peaks is Mount Bashan.
16 Why do you gaze in envy, O mountains of many peaks?
This is the mountain God chose for His dwelling,
where the LORD will surely dwell forever.
 
17 The chariots of God are tens of thousands—
thousands of thousands are they;
the Lord is in His sanctuary
as He was at Sinai. 68:17 Or the Lord has come from Sinai in His holiness
18 You have ascended on high;
You have led captives away.
You have received gifts from men,§ 68:18 Cited in Ephesians 4:8
even from the rebellious,
that the LORD God may dwell there.
19 Blessed be the Lord,
who daily bears our burden,
the God of our salvation.
Selah
20 Our God is a God of deliverance;
the Lord GOD is our rescuer from death.
21 Surely God will crush the heads of His enemies,
the hairy crowns of those who persist in guilty ways.
22 The Lord said, “I will retrieve them from Bashan,
I will bring them up from the depths of the sea,
23 that your foot may be dipped
in the blood of your foes—
the tongues of your dogs in the same.”
 
24 They have seen Your procession, O God—
the march of my God and King into the sanctuary.
25 The singers lead the way,
the musicians follow after,
among the maidens playing tambourines.
26 Bless God in the great congregation;
bless the LORD from the fountain of Israel.
27 There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them,
the princes of Judah in their company,
the princes of Zebulun and of Naphtali.
 
28 Summon Your power, O God;* 68:28 LXX and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts Your God has summoned your power
show Your strength, O God,
which You have exerted on our behalf.
29 Because of Your temple at Jerusalem
kings will bring You gifts.
30 Rebuke the beast in the reeds,
the herd of bulls among the calves of the nations,
until it submits, bringing bars of silver.
Scatter the nations who delight in war.
31 Envoys will arrive from Egypt;
Cush 68:31 That is, the upper Nile region will stretch out her hands to God.
 
32 Sing to God, O kingdoms of the earth;
sing praises to the Lord—
Selah
33 to Him who rides upon the highest heavens of old;
behold, His mighty voice resounds.
34 Ascribe the power to God,
whose majesty is over Israel,
whose strength is in the skies.
35 O God, You are awesome in Your sanctuary;
the God of Israel Himself
gives strength and power to His people.
 
Blessed be God!

*68:4 68:4 Or rides through the deserts

68:14 68:14 Hebrew Shaddai

68:17 68:17 Or the Lord has come from Sinai in His holiness

§68:18 68:18 Cited in Ephesians 4:8

*68:28 68:28 LXX and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts Your God has summoned your power

68:31 68:31 That is, the upper Nile region