Catholic Commentary on Matthew 9

"It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. But go and learn what this means: I desire mercy, not sacrifice." (Matthew 9:12-13)

Forgiveness and Healing

Matthew 9 begins with the healing of a paralytic brought to Jesus by friends. Before healing the man's body, Jesus says: Take heart, son; your sins are forgiven. The teachers of the law object: this is blasphemy. Jesus perceives their thinking and responds: which is easier, to say your sins are forgiven, or to say get up and walk? The healing of the body is the visible sign of the invisible authority to forgive. The Catechism draws a direct line from this passage to the Sacrament of Confession: the authority to forgive sins demonstrated by Jesus in his own person was given to the apostles on Easter evening and continues in the ministry of the priest (CCC 1441). When you hear the words of absolution spoken over you in the confessional, the authority of this scene is present: completely, authoritatively, by the word of Christ.

The Call of Matthew

Jesus sees a man named Matthew sitting at his tax collector's booth and says simply: Follow me. Matthew gets up and follows. Then Jesus eats at his house with many tax collectors and sinners. The Pharisees ask the disciples why Jesus eats with such people. Jesus answers with one of the most defining statements of his entire ministry: It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. But go and learn what this means: I desire mercy, not sacrifice. He quotes Hosea 6:6, one of the prophets' most penetrating critiques of religion: the Pharisees' entire understanding of holiness as separation from the impure is overturned. Holiness is not protected by avoiding the sick. It is the power that enters the sick and heals them.

The Harvest is Plentiful

Jesus goes through all the towns and villages, teaching, proclaiming the Gospel of the Kingdom, healing every disease and sickness. When he sees the crowds, he has compassion on them: They were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. Then he turns to the disciples: The harvest is plentiful but the workers are few. Ask the Lord of the harvest, therefore, to send out workers into his harvest field. The mission begins with prayer, not strategy. Before the sending comes the asking, and before the asking comes the seeing: seeing the crowd as Jesus sees them, with compassion. A community that learns to see the crowd this way will never stop praying for missionaries.

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, Matthew got up and left his booth without negotiating, without asking for time to arrange his affairs. He simply followed. Then he threw a party so his friends could meet Jesus. The pattern is always the same: encounter, response, witness. Who in your life is still sitting at their booth, waiting for someone to say what Jesus said to Matthew?

Prayer

Lord Jesus, you called Matthew from his booth and dined with sinners because you desire mercy, not sacrifice. Call us out of whatever holds us. Sit with us in our mess. Send us as workers into your harvest. And give us eyes of compassion to see the crowds as you see them: harassed, helpless, and in need of a shepherd. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

9
Jesus Heals a Paralytic
(Mark 2:1–12; Luke 5:17–26)
Jesus got into a boat, crossed over, and came to His own town. Just then some men brought * 9:2 Literally And behold, they brought to Him a paralytic lying on a mat. When Jesus saw their faith, He said to the paralytic, “Take courage, son; your sins are forgiven.”
 
On seeing this, some of the scribes said to themselves, “This man is blaspheming!”
 
But Jesus knew 9:4 NA, BYZ, and TR saw what they were thinking and said, “Why do you harbor evil in your hearts? Which is easier: to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Get up and walk?’ But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins...” Then He said to the paralytic, “Get up, pick up your mat, and go home.” And the man got up and went home.
 
When the crowds saw this, they were filled with awe and glorified God, who had given such authority to men.
Jesus Calls Matthew
(Mark 2:13–17; Luke 5:27–32)
 
As Jesus went on from there, He saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax booth. “Follow Me,” He told him, and Matthew got up and followed Him.
 
10 Later, as Jesus was dining at Matthew’s house, many tax collectors and sinners came and ate with Him and His disciples. 11 When the Pharisees saw this, they asked His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
 
12 On hearing this, Jesus said, “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. 13 But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice.’ 9:13 Hosea 6:6 For I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.§ 9:13 BYZ and TR but sinners, to repentance; see Luke 5:32.
Questions about Fasting
(Mark 2:18–20; Luke 5:33–35)
 
14 At that time John’s disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Why is it that we and the Pharisees fast so often,* 9:14 NE and WH do not include so often. but Your disciples do not fast?”
 
15 Jesus replied, “How can the guests of the bridegroom mourn while He is with them? But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them; then they will fast.
The Patches and the Wineskins
(Mark 2:21–22; Luke 5:36–39)
 
16 No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. For the patch will pull away from the garment, and a worse tear will result.
 
17 Neither do men pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”
The Healing Touch of Jesus
(Mark 5:21–43; Luke 8:40–56)
 
18 While Jesus was saying these things, a synagogue leader came and knelt before Him. “My daughter has just died,” he said. “But come and place Your hand on her, and she will live.”
 
19 So Jesus got up and went with him, along with His disciples. 20 Suddenly a woman who had suffered from bleeding for twelve years came up behind Him and touched the fringe of His cloak. 21 She said to herself, “If only I touch His cloak, I will be healed.”
 
22 Jesus turned and saw her. “Take courage, daughter,” He said, “your faith has healed you.” And the woman was cured from that very hour.
 
23 When Jesus entered the house of the synagogue leader, He saw the flute players and the noisy crowd. 24 “Go away,” He told them. “The girl is not dead, but asleep.” And they laughed at Him.
 
25 After the crowd had been put outside, Jesus went in and took the girl by the hand, and she got up. 26 And the news about this spread throughout that region.
Jesus Heals the Blind and Mute
(Mark 7:31–37)
 
27 As Jesus went on from there, two blind men followed Him, crying out, “Have mercy on us, Son of David!”
 
28 After Jesus had entered the house, the blind men came to Him. “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” He asked.
 
“Yes, Lord,” they answered.
 
29 Then He touched their eyes and said, “According to your faith will it be done to you.” 30 And their eyes were opened. Jesus warned them sternly, “See that no one finds out about this!” 31 But they went out and spread the news about Him throughout the land.
 
32 As they were leaving, a demon-possessed man who was mute was brought to Jesus. 33 And when the demon had been driven out, the man began to speak. The crowds were amazed and said, “Nothing like this has ever been seen in Israel!”
 
34 But the Pharisees said, “It is by the prince of demons that He drives out demons.”
The Lord of the Harvest
(Luke 10:1–12)
 
35 Jesus went through all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every disease and sickness. 36 When He saw the crowds, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.
 
37 Then He said to His disciples, “The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few. 38 Ask the Lord of the harvest, therefore, to send out workers into His harvest.”

*9:2 9:2 Literally And behold, they brought

9:4 9:4 NA, BYZ, and TR saw

9:13 9:13 Hosea 6:6

§9:13 9:13 BYZ and TR but sinners, to repentance; see Luke 5:32.

*9:14 9:14 NE and WH do not include so often.