Catholic Commentary on Jeremiah 13

“Can an Ethiopian change his skin or a leopard its spots? Neither can you do good who are accustomed to doing evil.” (Jeremiah 13:23)

The Linen Belt; Pride and Exile

The LORD instructs Jeremiah to buy a linen belt and wear it without washing it, then hide it in a crevice in the rocks by the Euphrates. Later he retrieves it: it was ruined and completely useless. The LORD explains: in the same way I will ruin the pride of Judah and the great pride of Jerusalem. These wicked people who refuse to listen to my words and follow the stubbornness of their hearts shall be like this belt, completely useless. Can an Ethiopian change his skin or a leopard its spots? Neither can you do good who are accustomed to doing evil.

The Catechism draws from Jeremiah's symbol of the ruined belt the principle that habitual sin progressively corrupts the moral capacity: the person long accustomed to evil loses the practical ability to choose the good without divine grace (CCC 1865).

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, can a leopard change its spots? The answer in Jeremiah is no, without grace. But the New Covenant answer is: with God, transformation is possible. The grace that makes all things new is precisely the grace that makes the new heart possible where only the old habit lived. Ask for the new heart. The leopard's spots are not permanent under God's hand.

Prayer

Lord God, we cannot change our own spots. Give us the new heart that only you can create. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

13
The Linen Loincloth
This is what the LORD said to me: “Go and buy yourself a linen loincloth and put it around your waist, but do not let it touch water.”
 
So I bought a loincloth as the LORD had instructed me, and I put it around my waist.
 
Then the word of the LORD came to me a second time: “Take the loincloth that you bought and are wearing, and go at once to Perath * 13:4 Or possibly to the Euphrates; similarly in verses 5-7 and hide it there in a crevice of the rocks.”
 
So I went and hid it at Perath, as the LORD had commanded me.
 
Many days later the LORD said to me, “Arise, go to Perath, and get the loincloth that I commanded you to hide there.” So I went to Perath and dug up the loincloth, and I took it from the place where I had hidden it. But now it was ruined-of no use at all.
 
Then the word of the LORD came to me: “This is what the LORD says: In the same way I will ruin the pride of Judah and the great pride of Jerusalem. 10 These evil people, who refuse to listen to My words, who follow the stubbornness of their own hearts, and who go after other gods to serve and worship them, they will be like this loincloth-of no use at all.
 
11 For just as a loincloth clings to a man’s waist, so I have made the whole house of Israel and the whole house of Judah cling to Me, declares the LORD, so that they might be My people for My renown and praise and glory. But they did not listen.
The Wineskins
 
12 Therefore you are to tell them that this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Every wineskin shall be filled with wine.’
 
And when they reply, ‘Don’t we surely know that every wineskin should be filled with wine?’ 13 then you are to tell them that this is what the LORD says: ‘I am going to fill with drunkenness all who live in this land-the kings who sit on David’s throne, the priests, the prophets, and all the people of Jerusalem. 14 I will smash them against one another, fathers and sons alike, declares the LORD. I will allow no mercy or pity or compassion to keep Me from destroying them.’ ”
Captivity Threatened
 
15 Listen and give heed. Do not be arrogant,
for the LORD has spoken.
16 Give glory to the LORD your God
before He brings darkness,
before your feet stumble
on the dusky mountains.
You wait for light,
but He turns it into deep gloom and thick darkness.
17 But if you do not listen,
I will weep in secret because of your pride.
My eyes will overflow with tears,
because the LORD’s flock has been taken captive.
 
18 Say to the king
and to the queen mother:
“Take a lowly seat,
for your glorious crowns have fallen from your heads.”
 
19 The cities of the Negev have been shut tight,
and no one can open them.
All Judah has been carried into exile,
wholly taken captive.
20 Lift up your eyes and see
those coming from the north.
Where is the flock entrusted to you,
the sheep that were your pride?
 
21 What will you say when He sets over you
close allies whom you yourself trained?
Will not pangs of anguish grip you,
as they do a woman in labor?
22 And if you ask yourself,
“Why has this happened to me?”
It is because of the magnitude of your iniquity
that your skirts have been stripped off
and your body has been exposed. 13:22 Literally and your heels have suffered violence
23 Can the Ethiopian 13:23 Hebrew that Cushite; that is, probably a person from the upper Nile region change his skin,
or the leopard his spots?
Neither are you able to do good-
you who are accustomed to doing evil.
 
24 “I will scatter you like chaff
driven by the desert wind.
25 This is your lot,
the portion I have measured to you,”
declares the LORD,
“because you have forgotten Me
and trusted in falsehood.
26 So I will pull your skirts up over your face,
that your shame may be seen.
27 Your adulteries and lustful neighings,
your shameless prostitution
on the hills and in the fields-
I have seen your detestable acts.
Woe to you, O Jerusalem!
How long will you remain unclean?”

*13:4 13:4 Or possibly to the Euphrates; similarly in verses 5-7

13:22 13:22 Literally and your heels have suffered violence

13:23 13:23 Hebrew that Cushite; that is, probably a person from the upper Nile region