Catholic Commentary on Judges 14

"Samson went down to Timnah and saw there a young Philistine woman. When he returned, he said to his father and mother, 'I have seen a Philistine woman in Timnah; now get her for me as my wife.'" (Judges 14:1-2)

Samson's Marriage

Samson went down to Timnah and saw there a young Philistine woman. When he returned, he said to his father and mother, 'I have seen a Philistine woman in Timnah; now get her for me as my wife.' His parents protest: is there no woman among our own people? Samson insists: get her for me, for she is right in my eyes. The narrative adds: his parents did not know that this was from the LORD, who was seeking an occasion to confront the Philistines. On the way to Timnah a young lion attacks him; the Spirit of the LORD comes powerfully on him and he tears it apart. He tells no one.

At the wedding feast he poses a riddle: out of the eater, something to eat; out of the strong, something sweet (honey from the dead lion). His companions bribe his wife to get the answer. She weeps and nags him. He tells her; she tells the Philistines. He pays the debt by killing thirty Philistines and taking their clothing. His wife is given to his companion. The Catechism identifies the Samson narratives as a cautionary example of charismatic gifting separated from the covenant discipline that should accompany it: the Spirit's power without the Spirit's holiness produces brilliant violence rather than covenant faithfulness (CCC 2342).

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, the Spirit came powerfully on Samson when the lion attacked, and he told no one. The private miracle without the public accountability is the beginning of Samson's undoing. Gifts given in private that are never submitted to the community's discernment are gifts without the accountability that would have protected him.

Prayer

Lord God, give us Samson's strength under the Spirit and the covenant discipline that Samson lacked. Let every gift be submitted to accountability, every power offered to the community rather than kept as a private advantage. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

14
Samson’s Marriage
One day Samson went down to Timnah, where he saw a young Philistine woman. So he returned and told his father and mother, “I have seen a daughter of the Philistines in Timnah. Now get her for me as a wife.”
 
But his father and mother replied, “Can’t you find a young woman among your relatives or among any of our people? Must you go to the uncircumcised Philistines to get a wife?”
 
But Samson told his father, “Get her for me, for she is pleasing to my eyes.” (Now his father and mother did not know this was from the LORD, who was seeking an occasion to move against the Philistines; for at that time the Philistines were ruling over Israel.)
 
Then Samson went down to Timnah with his father and mother and came to the vineyards of Timnah. Suddenly a young lion came roaring at him, and the Spirit of the LORD came powerfully upon him, and he tore the lion apart with his bare hands as one would tear a young goat. But he did not tell his father or mother what he had done. Then Samson continued on his way down and spoke to the woman, because she was pleasing to his eyes.
Samson’s Riddle
 
When Samson returned later to take her, he left the road to see the lion’s carcass, and in it was a swarm of bees, along with their honey. So he scooped some honey into his hands and ate it as he went along. And when he returned to his father and mother, he gave some to them and they ate it. But he did not tell them that he had taken the honey from the lion’s carcass.
 
10 Then his father went to visit the woman, and Samson prepared a feast there, as was customary for the bridegroom. 11 And when the Philistines saw him,* 14:11 Or when the bride’s parents saw him; literally when they saw him they selected thirty men to accompany him.
 
12 “Let me tell you a riddle,” Samson said to them. “If you can solve it for me within the seven days of the feast, I will give you thirty linen garments and thirty sets of clothes. 13 But if you cannot solve it, you must give me thirty linen garments and thirty sets of clothes.”
 
“Tell us your riddle,” they replied. “Let us hear it.”
 
14 So he said to them:
 
“Out of the eater came something to eat,
and out of the strong came something sweet.”
 
For three days they were unable to explain the riddle. 15 So on the fourth 14:15 LXX and Syriac; Hebrew seventh day they said to Samson’s wife, “Entice your husband to explain the riddle to us, or we will burn you and your father’s household to death. Did you invite us here to rob us?”
 
16 Then Samson’s wife came to him, weeping, and said, “You hate me! You do not really love me! You have posed to my people a riddle, but have not explained it to me.”
 
“Look,” he said, “I have not even explained it to my father or mother, so why should I explain it to you?”
 
17 She wept the whole seven days of the feast, and finally on the seventh day, because she had pressed him so much, he told her the answer. And in turn she explained the riddle to her people.
 
18 Before sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson:
 
“What is sweeter than honey?
And what is stronger than a lion?”
 
So he said to them:
 
“If you had not plowed with my heifer,
you would not have solved my riddle!”
 
19 Then the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, killed thirty of their men, took their apparel, and gave their clothes to those who had solved the riddle. And burning with anger, Samson returned to his father’s house, 20 and his wife was given to one of the men who had accompanied him.

*14:11 14:11 Or when the bride’s parents saw him; literally when they saw him

14:15 14:15 LXX and Syriac; Hebrew seventh