Catholic Commentary on 1 Samuel 27

"David thought to himself, 'One of these days I will be destroyed by the hand of Saul. The best thing I can do is to escape to the land of the Philistines.'" (1 Samuel 27:1)

David Among the Philistines

David thought to himself, 'One of these days I will be destroyed by the hand of Saul. The best thing I can do is to escape to the land of the Philistines.' He goes to Achish king of Gath with six hundred men and their families. When Saul hears he has fled to Gath, he stops looking for him. Achish gives David Ziklag and he lives there for a year and four months. He raids Israel's enemies while deceiving Achish that he raids Israelite towns. When Achish asks, David answers evasively and Achish trusts him completely.

The chapter is honest about David's ambiguous conduct: the deception of Achish, the raids that leave no survivors to report the truth, the strategic lie sustained over sixteen months. The Catechism does not sanitise the moral complexity of the historical accounts; Scripture preserves the full humanity of its heroes without making them models of every virtue in every moment (CCC 144). David's fear in this chapter stands in contrast to his courage in the previous chapters. Even the man after God's own heart has moments of failure in faith.

Living the Word

Brothers and sisters, even David had a chapter where he thought it was up to him to survive by his own strategy. The man who twice refused to touch the LORD's anointed now sustains a year-long deception. Fear produces what faith could not: the plan that works but costs integrity. Notice when your survival strategy has replaced your trust in God.

Prayer

Lord God, David thought he had to escape to the Philistines to survive. Give us the faith that trusts you to protect your anointed even when human calculation says the situation is hopeless. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

27
David and the Philistines
David, however, said to himself, “One of these days now I will be swept away by the hand of Saul. There is nothing better for me than to escape to the land of the Philistines. Then Saul will stop searching for me all over Israel, and I will slip out of his hand.”
 
So David set out with his six hundred men and went to Achish son of Maoch,* 27:2 Maoch is a variant of Maacah; see 1 Kings 2:39. the king of Gath. David and his men settled in Gath with Achish. Each man had his family with him, and David had his two wives: Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail of Carmel, the widow of Nabal. And when Saul learned that David had fled to Gath, he no longer searched for him.
 
Then David said to Achish, “If I have found favor in your eyes, let me be assigned a place in one of the outlying towns, so I can live there. For why should your servant live in the royal city with you?”
 
That day Achish gave him Ziklag, and to this day it still belongs to the kings of Judah. And the time that David lived in Philistine territory amounted to a year and four months.
 
Now David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites. (From ancient times these people had inhabited the land extending to Shur and Egypt.) Whenever David attacked a territory, he did not leave a man or woman alive, but he took the flocks and herds, the donkeys, camels, and clothing.
 
Then he would return to Achish, 10 who would ask him, “What have you raided today?”
 
And David would reply, “The Negev of Judah,” or “The Negev of Jerahmeel,” or “The Negev of the Kenites.”
 
11 David did not leave a man or woman alive to be brought to Gath, for he said, “Otherwise they will report us, saying, ‘This is what David did.’ ” And this was David’s custom the whole time he lived in Philistine territory.
 
12 So Achish trusted David, thinking, “Since he has made himself an utter stench to his people Israel, he will be my servant forever.”

*27:2 27:2 Maoch is a variant of Maacah; see 1 Kings 2:39.